Ad blocker detected: Our website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our visitors. Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker on our website.
All posts related to air-guns (air-rifles, airsoft, air-pistols, air-guns etc.).
-
-
Please sign change.org petition and share far and wide
Replies: 48
by
mundaire » Tue Nov 05, 2019 9:44 pm
» in
RKBA
First post
Humble request to share as far and wide as possible.
Regards,
Last post
While petitions can help raise awareness, they don’t always result in immediate, tangible change. To drive significant impact, consider engaging in...
- 48 Replies
- 470293 Views
-
Last post by Samuel420
Thu Sep 12, 2024 4:09 pm
-
-
- 101 Replies
- 16777215 Views
-
Last post by pistolprince007
Sun Apr 23, 2023 11:36 pm
-
-
- 354 Replies
- 2649657 Views
-
Last post by pekavet
Fri Aug 16, 2024 7:10 pm
-
-
Info regarding Arms Rules 2015 - Message from NAGRI
Replies: 56
by
mundaire » Thu Jan 21, 2016 6:38 pm
» in
RKBA
First post
Important information regarding Arms Rules 2015
Dear Friends,
We are writing to solicit your support in ensuring that the upcoming the ARMS RULES...
Last post
This strategy could effectively amplify our voice and potentially create meaningful change. By utilizing digital platforms and social media, we can...
- 56 Replies
- 614722 Views
-
Last post by Josephroy
Tue Nov 07, 2023 1:25 pm
-
-
- 65 Replies
- 922820 Views
-
Last post by andy_65_in
Tue Sep 06, 2016 5:27 pm
-
-
Expected code of conduct - MODIFIED
Replies: 44
by
mundaire » Wed Mar 28, 2007 4:27 pm
» in
General ramblings
First post
Hi All,
Based on feedback from the membership, as well as much deliberations amongst the moderators here, we have decided to make some (rather...
Last post
I have posted a few times, but no proper introduction. So, I am going to do that now with a set of pictures to boot! :)
- 44 Replies
- 727108 Views
-
Last post by caracass77
Sat Jul 26, 2014 3:25 pm
-
-
- 3 Replies
- 1177 Views
-
Last post by sadique ali kazi 123
Tue Aug 24, 2010 4:44 pm
-
-
- 0 Replies
- 1033 Views
-
Last post by m24
Mon Aug 23, 2010 8:46 pm
-
-
HOW TO BUY AIR RIFLE
Replies: 4
by
aravindsakthivel » Mon Aug 23, 2010 9:08 am
First post
Friends, I am highly interested and passionate for guns n shooting... i want to start my career in shooting.. I m frm Trichy,Tamilnadu.. Recently...
Last post
Welcome Bos
Check Your PM
Happy Shooting
RamMani
- 4 Replies
- 4397 Views
-
Last post by RamMani
Mon Aug 23, 2010 8:30 pm
-
-
My New Beeman P 17
Replies: 5
by
rishudhawan » Sun Aug 22, 2010 10:17 am
First post
Hi Guys,
Decided to get some guns :). 11th Aug placed an order for a Beeman P17 at Pyramid air, the gun reached Delhi on the 13th. AS it was a week...
Last post
Congrats on the purchase. Happy plinking.
Regards
- 5 Replies
- 2257 Views
-
Last post by m24
Sun Aug 22, 2010 7:37 pm
-
-
the MARAUDER is here...
Replies: 31
by
pkjeetesh » Wed Oct 07, 2009 7:48 pm
First post
Friends...the Benjamin Sheridan..Marauder came home today...thanks to Dirt E Harry of TOPAIRGUN, UPS and several forum members here...this...
Last post
wow .. beauty
- 31 Replies
- 6741 Views
-
Last post by Virendra S Rathore
Sun Aug 22, 2010 10:18 am
-
-
"new air gun " poll
Replies: 14
by
shooter » Fri Aug 20, 2010 7:51 pm
First post
Hi guys after reading the 50000th post entitled please help me choose an airgun requirements being long range , powerful accurate and economical ,
I...
Last post
But but but I am 500% sure that we will still encounter certain adventitious questions .
:agree:
If we go on to the main page of the airgun...
- 14 Replies
- 2753 Views
-
Last post by hamiclar01
Sat Aug 21, 2010 1:08 pm
-
-
Question | How to Focus | Air rifle
Replies: 5
by
gverma » Fri Aug 20, 2010 1:31 am
First post
Hi
I want to understand how to focus an air rifle on a target. There are some confusions in my mind.
The equipment I am using
1. 10 m air target
2....
Last post
Hi Thanks...
Unfortunately my range has been closed till CWG :-(
I hav already purchased Rifles step to success and ways of the rifle.
The reason I...
- 5 Replies
- 1745 Views
-
Last post by gverma
Sat Aug 21, 2010 3:20 am
-
-
Polymer Tip Pellets
Replies: 5
by
suraj2087 » Thu Aug 19, 2010 2:48 pm
First post
Dear Friends,
Are the polymer tip pellets available in India? GAMO or Predator???
Regards
Suraj.
Last post
Dear Anees,
Thanks for your valueable suggestions, sure, send me the photos of your Walther, my id is
[email protected]
Also tell me the...
- 5 Replies
- 1554 Views
-
Last post by suraj2087
Thu Aug 19, 2010 9:06 pm
-
-
Pellet Pouches
Replies: 5
by
suraj2087 » Wed Aug 18, 2010 4:58 pm
First post
Dear Friends,
Please check the link
With Regards
Suraj.
Last post
Dear tonysilas,
I am agree with you but I feel these pouches are only for collection not for actual use . . .
Regards
Suraj.
- 5 Replies
- 1488 Views
-
Last post by suraj2087
Thu Aug 19, 2010 2:54 pm
-
-
Help Choose Air Rifle
Replies: 9
by
sadique ali kazi 123 » Wed Aug 11, 2010 7:07 pm
First post
:? pls help me i am going too buy a new air rifles in sep . which one should i buy i have seen national company's rifles model 35. IHP & national are...
Last post
Hi thanks for advice. :D
- 9 Replies
- 1991 Views
-
Last post by sadique ali kazi 123
Tue Aug 17, 2010 10:31 pm
-
-
- 0 Replies
- 968 Views
-
Last post by sudhaiob
Tue Aug 17, 2010 8:39 pm
-
-
My New AIMCO M300
Replies: 13
by
angraj » Tue Aug 03, 2010 5:16 pm
First post
Dear Friends,
Got myself a new AIMCO M300 Underlever today ( 03rd August 2010 ). Was in Kolkata last weekend for some official work. Visited J...
Last post
Hey, Angraj post some photos for ur gun and tell us your experience with it.
- 13 Replies
- 2939 Views
-
Last post by Vassili Zaitsev
Tue Aug 17, 2010 2:02 pm
-
-
Features in a springer....
Replies: 6
by
fantumfan2003 » Fri Aug 13, 2010 12:20 pm
First post
What are the desirable features you want in a springer ? Based on those features what is your favourite springer ?
M.
Last post
IMHO???
In My Honest Opinion.
killerwolf, please take time to go through the thread on Air gun Import in the Air Guns section.
Regards
- 6 Replies
- 1678 Views
-
Last post by m24
Tue Aug 17, 2010 10:27 am
-
-
pics of FX gladiator
Replies: 3
by
ssc » Tue Aug 10, 2010 1:21 pm
First post
I tried .22 Rabbit Magnum2 in my FX Gladiator & It just did not fit. I measured internal Diameter of My FX Barrel & it was exact 5.5mm. RM2 outer...
Last post
:cpix: fantastic!!
-- Mon Aug 16, 2010 2:57 pm --
:cpix: fantastic!!
- 3 Replies
- 1400 Views
-
Last post by tonysilas
Mon Aug 16, 2010 1:57 pm
-
-
velocity of my gun ?
Replies: 3
by
klllerwolf » Mon Aug 16, 2010 12:10 pm
First post
i wonder whats the velocity of my national 35 .22
any Idea guys ?
Last post
> Can u name someone in delhi ?
Hi Killerwolf,
> Check with IFGian Mundaire on his PM - he will put you on the right track.
Cheers
Brihacharan
- 3 Replies
- 1211 Views
-
Last post by brihacharan
Mon Aug 16, 2010 1:44 pm
-
-
scope fitting on ihp natinal .22 cal
Replies: 7
by
pitchblack » Wed Aug 04, 2010 10:10 pm
First post
guys......bought a neew ihp national.22 cal air rifle neeed to fit a scope need help....................
Last post
yes anyone from delhi who can fit a scope on my national 35 ?
- 7 Replies
- 1805 Views
-
Last post by klllerwolf
Mon Aug 16, 2010 12:24 pm
-
-
Aluminum Stock vs Wooden Stock
Replies: 18
by
gverma » Wed Aug 11, 2010 4:40 pm
First post
Hi
I have tried searching on Alu vs wood stock on the net, but Could not find a lot of stuff.
I would appreciate if someone could let me know the...
Last post
I think the initial question was with regard to local airguns like IHP etc and not the cream :-)
/S/
No I am talkinga bout the cream and not IHP....
- 18 Replies
- 4158 Views
-
Last post by gverma
Sun Aug 15, 2010 10:20 pm
-
-
Difference between Air Rifle Pellets and Air Pistol Pellets
Replies: 2
by
kb100 » Sun Aug 15, 2010 9:19 pm
First post
I don't know if this topic exists - a search did not throw up anything detailed.
I read a couple of mentions about air pistol pellets being used in...
Last post
Well it goes like this
since air pistols have to attain around 480 fps in the short time they travel they are generally slightly smaller in diameter...
- 2 Replies
- 1192 Views
-
Last post by sawbones
Sun Aug 15, 2010 9:57 pm
-
-
Under lever vs Break barrel
Replies: 11
by
tonysilas » Fri Aug 13, 2010 2:59 am
First post
hello everyone... :)
which is better among the under lever and the break barrel rifles?
Last post
Hi Tonysilas
same like me I think you also want to know which air rifle is better IHP 35 or Amico M300
- 11 Replies
- 2831 Views
-
Last post by pratik_mahale
Sun Aug 15, 2010 2:04 pm
-
-
New Air Rifle
Replies: 17
by
klllerwolf » Wed Aug 11, 2010 7:35 pm
First post
hi guys, I'm new to this forum as a poster, however i was following up wid the forums for a month atleast
and like it very much
i have 2 questions...
Last post
m still clueless about the scope :/
any suggestions ?
- 17 Replies
- 3996 Views
-
Last post by klllerwolf
Fri Aug 13, 2010 10:57 pm
-
-
Airgun Spring Compressor - available for a weekend?
Replies: 2
by
thomast1 » Fri Aug 13, 2010 9:28 am
First post
I am doing some patch work (can't really call it tuning) on my old airgun, and i felt the need of a spring compressor.
I am sure there are a lot of...
Last post
Hey Fantum,
the work is for a Phorgun, Classic 200. thought of the jack, but felt the need of a barrell vice.. let me think this out.. :D
- 2 Replies
- 1333 Views
-
Last post by thomast1
Fri Aug 13, 2010 1:38 pm
-
-
Piston seals Vs Lubing.
Replies: 3
by
Big Daddy » Thu Aug 12, 2010 7:21 pm
First post
We all know that air rifles need tuning to improve performance. For those of us who have tuned our guns or have had our guns tuned, we know the...
Last post
BD....we can discuss endlessly on the thread you just started above...each man his own gun/and how he likes it and what he wants it to be....like...
- 3 Replies
- 1155 Views
-
Last post by pkjeetesh
Fri Aug 13, 2010 12:16 am
-
-
Media on Ban of Airguns
Replies: 26
by
architectharsha » Thu Aug 05, 2010 10:39 am
First post
Deccan chronicle today released a article about risks of airguns and asking to ban them. this is a notable article shortly after cabinet amended the...
Last post
some wise man said You can't wake a person who is pretending to be asleep. :D
- 26 Replies
- 5199 Views
-
Last post by thomast1
Thu Aug 12, 2010 11:09 am
-
-
scope tilt
Replies: 25
by
drifter » Mon Jun 07, 2010 5:40 pm
First post
Dear all,
I have a gammo 3-9*40 IR scope, the issue I have is that when I mount the scope in alignment with the crosshairs the scope is tilted to...
Last post
Donot open the scope.All the scopes are normally nitrogen purged to prevent fogging.
:D
- 25 Replies
- 3851 Views
-
Last post by ragav
Wed Aug 11, 2010 7:07 pm
-
-
opinion required
Replies: 6
by
ROHINANA » Tue Aug 10, 2010 4:21 pm
First post
My fellow members,
My dear fellow members I require your opinion, on a particular purchase I intend to do, but I am not very clear and need to take...
Last post
Hi ,
D54 is very heavy in side lever springers ,optimum for bench rest rather than field use for medium built persons. Moreever the anti recoil...
- 6 Replies
- 1610 Views
-
Last post by striker
Tue Aug 10, 2010 8:24 pm
-
-
TECHNICAL HELP REQD.
Replies: 3
by
MRM » Fri Aug 06, 2010 4:44 pm
First post
CAN ANY ONE TELL ME HOW MUCH AIR PRESSURE IS BUILD IN THE CYLINDER OF SPRING-PISTON AIR RIFLES AND IN SIDE LEVER PNEUMATIC AIR RIFLES?
Last post
Well thank you Dev
200 bar is considerable pressure and I have seen many web sites for the information.I have also manufactured valves which stand...
- 3 Replies
- 1301 Views
-
Last post by kb100
Tue Aug 10, 2010 11:04 am
-
-
National Air Arms
Replies: 11
by
professor » Sun Nov 15, 2009 11:25 pm
First post
Hi All,
was just surfing & found this new web site..www.nationalairarms.com of Calicut.... have displayed varairty of air gun & & air pistol...
Last post
Me too was also greatly confused on the claims made by National Air Arms that they sell air rifles which effectively hits targets at 120 mtrs. Thanks...
- 11 Replies
- 4326 Views
-
Last post by sokkri
Sun Aug 08, 2010 8:41 pm
-
-
phorgun
by
FAIYZAN » Sun Aug 08, 2010 6:33 pm
hi cherian kk and other colleagues how about ur new phorgun series kindly post some reflections
- 0 Replies
- 839 Views
-
Last post by FAIYZAN
Sun Aug 08, 2010 6:33 pm
-
-
Make it legal to buy Guns from Dealers
by
ssc » Sun Aug 08, 2010 2:33 pm
I have a suggestion to make to all:
When buying guns from Dealers in india, every body to make sure when the seller is asking for double or triple...
- 0 Replies
- 868 Views
-
Last post by ssc
Sun Aug 08, 2010 2:33 pm
-
-
How to give proper maintenance for IHP 35 .177
Replies: 10
by
karthik » Thu Aug 05, 2010 8:57 pm
First post
I searched a lot to give a self service for my .177 cal air rifle. but not enough to get the desired results.
Hence i am posting this in order to...
Last post
Now i have a fair idea on how it should be done.
And i will try to do asap.
thanks for helping me and providing me with so much info.
:D Karthik
- 10 Replies
- 3037 Views
-
Last post by karthik
Sat Aug 07, 2010 6:50 pm
-
-
Walther CP-88 Co2
Replies: 3
by
aneesasil » Wed Aug 04, 2010 1:12 pm
First post
Hi Guys,
Just got a Walther CP-88 Co2 pistol Nickel 4 with black grips. Already had a .22 Daw Air Rifle from the past 15 years which still works...
Last post
congrats on being a proud owner of walther!! :) where did u buy it? i too have a walther cp88 with me.
- 3 Replies
- 1342 Views
-
Last post by tonysilas
Sat Aug 07, 2010 10:36 am
-
-
My New Air Rifle_IHP 35 .22
Replies: 14
by
reynoldmaben » Sun Jul 04, 2010 4:07 pm
First post
Dear Friends,
Got myself a new IHP 35 .22 last Saturday, Posting a few pics. Would like to thank Sniper (John) who was kind enough to accompany me...
Last post
If you can lay your hands on industrial strength adhesive then take a six inch long metal patti that is 11mm wide. Glue strip on to the rifle. Mount...
- 14 Replies
- 2901 Views
-
Last post by dev
Fri Aug 06, 2010 5:40 pm
-
-
IHP Compressed Air Rifle Launched
Replies: 30
by
sagar » Fri Mar 13, 2009 1:05 pm
First post
Hello,
This is to inform that IHP has Launched its Compressed Air Rifle and already sold some NINE Pieces.
The cost is approximately Rs.26000/-...
Last post
True that is an option, but is a hit and miss, and would take time still ill write to them.
But close ups and feed back by IFG owners carries more...
- 30 Replies
- 9795 Views
-
Last post by rishudhawan
Thu Aug 05, 2010 12:27 pm
-
-
Testing Air Guns
Replies: 2
by
brihacharan » Wed Jul 28, 2010 12:32 pm
First post
Hi Guys!
Here are some rules for testing Air Guns that might, prove useful to you in your own testing:
Ignore the looks of the gun.
> A gorgeous...
Last post
very informative... :agree:
- 2 Replies
- 1206 Views
-
Last post by tonysilas
Mon Aug 02, 2010 1:14 am
-
-
- 0 Replies
- 852 Views
-
Last post by suraj2087
Sun Aug 01, 2010 10:48 pm
-
-
Airgun for a fairly experienced shooter!!!Help!!
Replies: 7
by
king234 » Sun Aug 01, 2010 3:26 am
First post
Hello everyone,
Here it goes..Ive had it with my old pioneer air rifle, its worthless now, no accuracy, no power, broken stock....etc etc. Its like...
Last post
go for cannon65..better than IHP!
- 7 Replies
- 1775 Views
-
Last post by tonysilas
Sun Aug 01, 2010 8:16 pm
-
-
Best air rifle for a beginner...
Replies: 13
by
tonysilas » Mon Jun 28, 2010 3:19 pm
First post
hi everyone
i recently purchased a walther cp88 pistol(.177,blued metal) :D .Our fellow IFGian john and Mr. Ashar Raoof helped me in choosing .till...
Last post
actually i didnt like the design of the stock...have no problems with the stock or the rifle..changing it for a change in the look... :D
- 13 Replies
- 2996 Views
-
Last post by tonysilas
Sat Jul 31, 2010 3:37 pm
-
-
Why do some pellets group better
Replies: 1
by
fantumfan2003 » Sat Jul 31, 2010 1:17 pm
First post
I was going through this blog
and wondered. They are all pellets from reputed companies, the air rifle is the same sample and known to be very...
Last post
Good topic to discus fantumfan. I had asked a question in another thread on the same lines. Intriguing indeed. especially when conditions are the...
- 1 Replies
- 1060 Views
-
Last post by Big Daddy
Sat Jul 31, 2010 1:45 pm
-
-
Which is the best indian made long range air rifle
Replies: 24
by
zinni22 » Tue Oct 13, 2009 4:23 am
First post
Hey guys im new to Air Rifle shooting, I have had a lot of experience with air pistols. I want to start shooting long range. Please tell me which air...
Last post
Great post, Briha Sir. :cheers:
Regards
- 24 Replies
- 19440 Views
-
Last post by m24
Sat Jul 31, 2010 10:17 am
-
-
Best Indian make Air Rifle
Replies: 4
by
knowledge is power » Mon Dec 21, 2009 1:20 pm
First post
Hi Everybody,
I think it would be proper to have a debate on which Indian made Air Rifle is Best in terms of Accuracy,FPS,Range,effective service...
Last post
read the following threads.they emphazise what i said
- 4 Replies
- 1939 Views
-
Last post by tonysilas
Sat Jul 31, 2010 6:31 am
-
-
My New IHP 35 .177Caliber
Replies: 6
by
architectharsha » Tue Jul 27, 2010 4:07 pm
First post
Huh, I have waited for more than 2 hours waiting at courier delivery godown :!: to pick my New IHP35 .177 air rifle,
i have ordered it with Bandhuk...
Last post
holding the rifle in standing position tortures my arms.
Congratulations on the buy, Harsha!! :cheers: Wish you a good time shooting.
Well, the...
- 6 Replies
- 1961 Views
-
Last post by srswamy
Wed Jul 28, 2010 11:14 pm
-
-
Success of Importing CO2 bb guns
Replies: 3
by
Frosty » Sat Jul 24, 2010 12:46 pm
First post
Hi Memebers
Just wish to know if any member has successsfully imported bb repeaters pistols / rifles (semi auto or full auto (Like IZH drozd etc)...
Last post
hi frosty. i'm still stuck with the customs in kol.anyway I had ordered a Echo1 SG Task Force Full Stock AEG Metal Electric Airsoft Gun, & I didnt...
- 3 Replies
- 1512 Views
-
Last post by himalyandevil
Tue Jul 27, 2010 10:39 pm
-
-
more slow motion air rifle pellets
Replies: 5
by
theairgunsniper » Mon Jul 26, 2010 4:05 pm
First post
hello fiends,
i took this video last sunday .. this is a hi speed 1000 frames per second video of pellets hitting different objects taken with my...
Last post
thanks ricky :D
- 5 Replies
- 1378 Views
-
Last post by theairgunsniper
Mon Jul 26, 2010 8:54 pm
-
-
Req for Info | Rifle | Pistol Grip vs no Pistol Grip
Replies: 1
by
gverma » Sun Jul 25, 2010 1:02 am
First post
Hi
I want to buy a Feinwerkbau rifle.
I am more inclined towards a Pistol Grip
and not one without a pistol grip
I find the ones with pistol grip...
Last post
They are both pistol grips. Think about it , you will be holding the rifle the same way in your right hand.
The FWB Blue will have an adjustable...
- 1 Replies
- 1103 Views
-
Last post by hamiclar01
Sun Jul 25, 2010 3:24 am
-
-
New Airgun in my Country!!!
Replies: 3
by
srkhan » Fri Jul 23, 2010 4:10 pm
First post
Hi,
After many years there is a new airgun in my country. Arms importer got import permission for HATSAN MOD95 SAS.
Please share you experience...
Last post
NO! its not possible to send airgun in anywhere from my country!!!
- 3 Replies
- 1390 Views
-
Last post by srkhan
Fri Jul 23, 2010 11:09 pm
-
-
Phorgun Airguns
Replies: 14
by
Prabhath » Sun Jul 12, 2009 5:01 pm
First post
Members,
Anyone been able to lay their hands on a Phorgun airgun yet? The owner Basu said that he would be willing to ship orders of 6 and above...
Last post
i own a model 200. not too great. good for casual plinking.
attractions as per brochure!
peep sight - check
folding lever - wha..?
shoulder belt -...
- 14 Replies
- 3744 Views
-
Last post by thomast1
Thu Jul 22, 2010 10:50 am
-
-
Air Rifle
Replies: 1
by
malik » Wed Jul 21, 2010 5:17 am
First post
DEAR ALL,
THIS IS MALIK RECENTLY I AM IN ITALY AND I WANT TO BUY VERY GOOD AND ACCURATE AIR RIFLE .177 FOR ME. I HAVE ALREADY TALK TO TURKISH...
Last post
Malik
Conduct some search on this forum and you can mine the information required. Also dont use Capital letters and post in correct forum not in...
- 1 Replies
- 1134 Views
-
Last post by Sakobav
Wed Jul 21, 2010 6:48 am
-
-
Air Rifle Care
Replies: 8
by
Zoo » Fri Jul 16, 2010 1:34 pm
First post
Being the rainy season and all, my two rifles (HW77,Diana 54) have started picking up some spots of rust, especially on the underlever, sidelevers...
Last post
Cleaned both my guns today. Lots of oil and 00 grade steel wool. Rust came off easy. Oiled them with sewing machine oil. Will check next week to see...
- 8 Replies
- 1908 Views
-
Last post by Zoo
Sun Jul 18, 2010 9:09 pm
-
-
0.22 pistols or revolvers
Replies: 1
by
talasilak » Sun Jul 18, 2010 1:05 pm
First post
Hi,
I have Indian make Tommy 35, 0.22 air rifle. I dont know about air revolvers and pistols, can a revolver or pistol fires 0.22 air rifle pillot?...
Last post
advertise in the sale/wanted section.
- 1 Replies
- 978 Views
-
Last post by nagarifle
Sun Jul 18, 2010 1:23 pm
-
-
IZH Baikal IZH61
Replies: 2
by
Amarinder_47 » Sun Jul 18, 2010 3:15 am
First post
Hey all
I came across this air rifle across the internet, the IZH 61 by IZH Baikal. It's a Russian make, sold in the US by Remington.
It looks to me...
Last post
Refer the above link. I almost had this gun imported, but gave up the last minute as the person coming from the US chickened out!!!
the IZH 60 is...
- 2 Replies
- 1399 Views
-
Last post by diskaon
Sun Jul 18, 2010 11:07 am
Forum permissions
You cannot post new topics in this forum
You cannot reply to topics in this forum
You cannot edit your posts in this forum
You cannot delete your posts in this forum
You cannot post attachments in this forum
